{"id":5090,"date":"2023-01-02T10:30:41","date_gmt":"2023-01-02T09:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=5090"},"modified":"2023-01-02T10:30:41","modified_gmt":"2023-01-02T09:30:41","slug":"pouzivate-webove-hostitelske-sluzby-chrante-svoju-stranku-a-firemny-e%e2%80%91mail","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/firemna-bezpecnost\/pouzivate-webove-hostitelske-sluzby-chrante-svoju-stranku-a-firemny-e%e2%80%91mail\/","title":{"rendered":"Pou\u017e\u00edvate webov\u00e9 hostite\u013esk\u00e9 slu\u017eby? Chr\u00e1\u0148te svoju str\u00e1nku a\u00a0firemn\u00fd e\u2011mail"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"hostitelske<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ak kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci nepoznaj\u00fa va\u0161e prihlasovacie meno a heslo, nedostan\u00fa sa do backendu va\u0161ej str\u00e1nky. Nane\u0161\u0165astie existuje sp\u00f4sob, ako m\u00f4\u017eu z\u00edska\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, napr\u00edklad prostredn\u00edctvom phishingov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed. Ako vyzeraj\u00fa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phishingov\u00e9 kampane zacielen\u00e9 na spr\u00e1vcov hostite\u013esk\u00fdch slu\u017eieb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201eSyst\u00e9m CMS vy\u017eaduje zmenu hesla. Prihl\u00e1ste sa a ihne\u010f ho zme\u0148te.\u201c<\/em> Tak\u00e9to v\u00fdzvy na okam\u017eit\u00fa akciu b\u00fdvaj\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou phishingov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed. Ak spr\u00e1vcovia webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok poskytn\u00fa svoje prihlasovacie \u00fadaje, kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci m\u00f4\u017eu prevzia\u0165 kontrolu nad webovou str\u00e1nkou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eHackeri vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa slabiny \u013eudsk\u00e9ho faktora, ako je napr\u00edklad na\u0161a tendencia kona\u0165 un\u00e1hlene. Ak chcete minimalizova\u0165 pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee prenikn\u00fa do backendu va\u0161ej webovej str\u00e1nky, venujte pozornos\u0165 \u0161koleniu zamestnancov<\/a><\/strong>,\u201c navrhuje Martin \u010cambal, glob\u00e1lny mana\u017e\u00e9r spolo\u010dnosti ESET pre v\u00fdvoj webu. \u201eNapr\u00edklad spustite falo\u0161n\u00fa phishingov\u00fa kampa\u0148, aby ste zistili, \u010di zamestnanci dok\u00e1\u017eu spr\u00e1vne identifikova\u0165 rizik\u00e1. Zamestnancov, ktor\u00ed sa stali obe\u0165ami phishingu, potom vzdel\u00e1vajte. Men\u0161ie firmy m\u00f4\u017eu \u0161kolenie zamestnancov zada\u0165 extern\u00fdm dod\u00e1vate\u013eom.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zamestnanci by mali venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 pravopisu, napr\u00edklad \u010di nebol e\u2011mail odoslan\u00fd z dom\u00e9ny priklady.sk namiesto priklad.sk. \u201eD\u00e1vajte si tie\u017e pozor na falo\u0161n\u00fd pocit naliehavosti. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk, ktor\u00fd sa vyd\u00e1va za poskytovate\u013ea syst\u00e9mu na spr\u00e1vu obsahu, v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee po\u017eiada\u0165 o stiahnutie zdanlivo d\u00f4le\u017eitej bezpe\u010dnostnej aktualiz\u00e1cie. Po stiahnut\u00ed sa v\u0161ak va\u0161e zariadenie m\u00f4\u017ee infikova\u0165 malv\u00e9rom,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1va \u010cambal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dato\u010dn\u00edci sa m\u00f4\u017eu pok\u00fasi\u0165 skenova\u0165 va\u0161e webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pomocou automatizovan\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov, ktor\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa zranite\u013enosti. Preto by mali by\u0165 v\u0161etky aspekty syst\u00e9mu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00face jeho identifik\u00e1ciu skryt\u00e9. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edkom by ste napr\u00edklad nemali prezradi\u0165, ak\u00fd syst\u00e9m na spr\u00e1vu obsahu (CMS) pou\u017e\u00edvate. \u201ePrvky syst\u00e9mu CMS mo\u017eno skry\u0165 a zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d upravi\u0165 tak, aby kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci nemohli zisti\u0165, ak\u00fa platformu pou\u017e\u00edvate,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed \u010cambal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V mene va\u0161ej firmy. Ako m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 va\u0161a dom\u00e9na zneu\u017eit\u00e1 na \u0161\u00edrenie \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho obsahu? <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci m\u00f4\u017eu takisto zneu\u017ei\u0165 va\u0161u firemn\u00fa dom\u00e9nu na phishingov\u00e9 a spamov\u00e9 kampane<\/strong><\/a>. V tomto pr\u00edpade sa oplat\u00ed implementova\u0165 architekt\u00faru SPF (sender policy framework). \u201eVytvorte si d\u00f4kladn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy SPF obsahuj\u00face zoznam IP adries, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu odosiela\u0165 e\u2011maily pod dom\u00e9nou va\u0161ej webovej str\u00e1nky. Ak tak\u00e9to z\u00e1znamy nem\u00e1te zaveden\u00e9, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee ktoko\u013evek m\u00f4\u017ee odosla\u0165 e\u2011mail pod n\u00e1zvom va\u0161ej dom\u00e9ny<\/strong><\/a>. Schv\u00e1lenie d\u00f4veryhodn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru IP adries by malo by\u0165 jedn\u00fdm zo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed na zabezpe\u010denie e\u2011mailov,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed \u010cambal. Celkovo je spr\u00e1va z\u00e1znamov DNS vr\u00e1tane pr\u00edstupu k nim ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1, preto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje bezpe\u010dnej\u0161iu (e\u2011mailov\u00fa) konfigur\u00e1ciu, napr\u00edklad autorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie dom\u00e9ny na odosielanie e\u2011mailov, a tie\u017e vytv\u00e1ranie subdom\u00e9n.

Zodpovednos\u0165 za overenie pou\u017e\u00edvania dom\u00e9n v e\u2011mailoch nesie prij\u00edmaj\u00faci e\u2011mailov\u00fd server. \u201eAk server zist\u00ed, \u017ee e\u2011mail bol odoslan\u00fd z IP adresy, ktor\u00e1 nie je uveden\u00e1 v z\u00e1znamoch SPF dom\u00e9ny v spiato\u010dnej adrese ob\u00e1lky, m\u00f4\u017ee sa rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 doru\u010denie odmietnu\u0165,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed \u010cambal. \u201eMnoh\u00ed IT spr\u00e1vcovia zab\u00fadaj\u00fa, \u017ee n\u00e1zvy dom\u00e9n sa daj\u00fa zneu\u017ei\u0165 aj v konkuren\u010dnom boji \u2013 predstavte si, \u017ee konkuren\u010dn\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 posiela \u0161kodliv\u00e9 e\u2011maily pod va\u0161ou dom\u00e9nou. V tak\u00fdchto situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch je v st\u00e1vke poves\u0165 va\u0161ej firmy.\u201c<\/em> Ak v\u0161ak prij\u00edmaj\u00faci server vyhodnot\u00ed IP adresu odosielate\u013ea ako neautorizovan\u00fa, m\u00f4\u017ee spr\u00e1vu pova\u017eova\u0165 za spam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vo v\u0161eobecnosti sa mal\u00fdm a stredne ve\u013ek\u00fdm firm\u00e1m odpor\u00fa\u010da, aby e\u2011mailov\u00e9 servery nespravovali vo vlastnej r\u00e9\u017eii, ale vyu\u017e\u00edvali slu\u017eby extern\u00e9ho poskytovate\u013ea e\u2011mailov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. \u201eOutsourcing je v\u00fdhodn\u00fd, pokia\u013e e\u2011mailov\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia va\u0161ej firmy nie je mimoriadne d\u00f4vern\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> odpor\u00fa\u010da \u010cambal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozor na hromadn\u00e9 odosielanie e-mailov <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do v\u0161ak spr\u00e1vy odoslan\u00e9 z e\u2011mailov\u00e9ho servera va\u0161ej firmy niekedy skon\u010dia v prie\u010dinkoch so spamom, hoci ste ich vytvorili vy a nie \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk? \u201eKe\u010f sa z jednej IP adresy odo\u0161le v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo e\u2011mailov a pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e ich nahl\u00e1si ako spam, e\u2011mailov\u00fd server m\u00f4\u017ee e\u2011mailov\u00fa dom\u00e9nu potresta\u0165 a spr\u00e1vu umiestni\u0165 do prie\u010dinka s nevy\u017eiadanou po\u0161tou alebo ju v\u00f4bec nedoru\u010di\u0165,\u201c <\/em>vysvet\u013euje \u010cambal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00e9 firmy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na v\u0161etku e\u2011mailov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu vr\u00e1tane odosielania informa\u010dn\u00fdch bulletinov jednu dom\u00e9nu. Lep\u0161\u00edm rie\u0161en\u00edm je oddeli\u0165 e\u2011mailov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu typu one\u2011to\u2011one<\/em> od komunik\u00e1cie typu one\u2011to\u2011many. <\/em>V pr\u00edpade transak\u010dn\u00fdch e\u2011mailov m\u00f4\u017eete napr\u00edklad namiesto dom\u00e9ny priklad.sk <\/em>pou\u017ei\u0165 subdom\u00e9nu dakujeme.priklad.sk.<\/em> \u201eAk je teda jedna dom\u00e9na zablokovan\u00e1 ako spam, m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 druh\u00fa,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed \u010cambal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak zlo\u010dinci nepoznaj\u00fa va\u0161e prihlasovacie meno a\u00a0heslo, nedostan\u00fa sa do\u00a0backendu va\u0161ej str\u00e1nky. Nane\u0161\u0165astie m\u00f4\u017eu z\u00edska\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie napr\u00edklad prostredn\u00edctvom phishingov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[140,105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desifrujeme-pre-vas","category-firemna-bezpecnost"],"yoast_head":"\nPou\u017e\u00edvate webhosting? 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Ako zist\u00edte, \u010di bola va\u0161a firemn\u00e1 e\u2011mailov\u00e1 dom\u00e9na zneu\u017eit\u00e1? Ak m\u00e1te povolen\u00e9 reporty DMARC<\/a> a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk odo\u0161le spr\u00e1vu pod va\u0161ou dom\u00e9nou, server prich\u00e1dzaj\u00facej po\u0161ty by v\u00e1s mal o tom informova\u0165. Takto m\u00f4\u017eete monitorova\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 konfigur\u00e1cie architekt\u00fary SPF a v\u017edy sa dozviete, ke\u010f sa niekto pok\u00fasi zneu\u017ei\u0165 va\u0161u firemn\u00fa dom\u00e9nu. Ochr\u00e1nite tak dobr\u00e9 meno svojej firmy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"