{"id":5454,"date":"2023-07-25T13:14:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T11:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=5454"},"modified":"2023-07-25T13:14:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T11:14:30","slug":"stare-routery-velke-problemy-viete-ako-ich-spravne-zlikvidovat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/firemna-bezpecnost\/stare-routery-velke-problemy-viete-ako-ich-spravne-zlikvidovat\/","title":{"rendered":"Star\u00e9 routery, ve\u013ek\u00e9 probl\u00e9my: Viete, ako ich spr\u00e1vne zlikvidova\u0165?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"BVF<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 sa z\u00a0\u010dasu na\u00a0\u010das mus\u00ed zbavi\u0165 star\u00e9ho hardv\u00e9ru, av\u0161ak m\u00e1lokto si uvedomuje s\u00favisiace bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci spolo\u010dnosti ESET v\u00a0ned\u00e1vnej \u0161t\u00fadii<\/a> zistili, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 routery z druhej ruky nemali vymazan\u00e9 v\u0161etky d\u00e1ta. Obsahovali tak citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, ako s\u00fa prihlasovacie \u00fadaje do\u00a0firemn\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, sie\u0165ov\u00e9 poverenia a\u00a0\u0161ifrovacie k\u013e\u00fa\u010de.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do predstavuj\u00fa routery probl\u00e9m?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mno\u017estvo inform\u00e1ci\u00ed spomenut\u00fdch vy\u0161\u0161ie by mohlo by\u0165 cenn\u00e9 pre\u00a0kybernetick\u00fdch zlo\u010dincov a\u00a0dokonca aj\u00a0pre\u00a0\u0161t\u00e1tom podporovan\u00fdch hackerov. Ak \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci predaj\u00fa inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0jednotlivcoch \u010falej, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00a0r\u00f4znych druhoch podvodov. Podrobnosti o\u00a0fungovan\u00ed firemnej siete a\u00a0digit\u00e1lnej \u0161trukt\u00fare organiz\u00e1cie s\u00fa tie\u017e mo\u017en\u00fdmi odrazov\u00fdmi most\u00edkmi pre\u00a0pl\u00e1novanie \u0161pion\u00e1\u017enej kampane alebo z\u00edskanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed s\u00a0cie\u013eom spusti\u0165 \u00fatok ransomv\u00e9rom<\/strong><\/a>. V\u00a0niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017eu routery odhali\u0165 zastaran\u00e9 verzie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed alebo opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa zneu\u017eite\u013en\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti, v\u010faka \u010domu hackeri z\u00edskaj\u00fa obraz o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00e1ch \u00fatoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa zariadenia z\u00a0druhej ruky z\u013eavnen\u00e9, kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci m\u00f4\u017eu do\u00a0ich n\u00e1kupu investova\u0165 a\u00a0z\u00edska\u0165 tak pr\u00edstup k\u00a0sieti a\u00a0inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 bu\u010f vyu\u017eij\u00fa sami, alebo ich predaj\u00fa \u010falej. Probl\u00e9m sa net\u00fdka len routerov; v\u00fdskumn\u00edci z\u00a0firmy Red Balloon Security<\/a> zaznamenali rovnak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my aj\u00a0pri\u00a0in\u00fdch vstavan\u00fdch zariadeniach, ako s\u00fa syst\u00e9my GPS, telev\u00edzory a\u00a0digit\u00e1lne telef\u00f3ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zvy\u0161ovanie povedomia o\u00a0spr\u00e1vnom vymaz\u00e1van\u00ed zariaden\u00ed<\/a> je jedn\u00fdm zo\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch krokov smeruj\u00facich k\u00a0lep\u0161ej digit\u00e1lnej bezpe\u010dnosti, preto spolo\u010dnos\u0165 ESET vo\u00a0svojom v\u00fdskume<\/a> pravidelne analyzuje situ\u00e1ciu. Existuje mnoho sp\u00f4sobov, ako sa chr\u00e1ni\u0165. Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0rie\u0161en\u00ed je, aby firmy v\u0161etky zariadenia pred likvid\u00e1ciou riadne vymazali. M\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 \u0161pecializovan\u00fd softv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t prep\u00ed\u0161e \u00fadaje zariadenia nov\u00fdmi \u00fadajmi, \u010d\u00edm sa p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 d\u00e1ta stan\u00fa ne\u010ditate\u013en\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm prevent\u00edvnym krokom je za\u0161ifrovanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u00fadajov. V\u010faka \u0161ifrovaniu<\/a> sa \u00fadaje bez \u0161ifrovacieho k\u013e\u00fa\u010da nedaj\u00fa pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 ani v\u00a0pr\u00edpade kr\u00e1de\u017ee. Niektor\u00e9 be\u017en\u00e9 routery u\u017e pon\u00fakaj\u00fa \u0161ifrovanie a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161ie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 funkcie, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu organiz\u00e1cie vyu\u017ei\u0165. Ak sa zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 neboli vymazan\u00e9, dostan\u00fa do\u00a0r\u00fak nov\u00fdm majite\u013eom, n\u00e1sledky nebud\u00fa a\u017e tak\u00e9 negat\u00edvne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nechajte to na profesion\u00e1lov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jednou z\u00a0mo\u017enost\u00ed je takisto zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 spolupr\u00e1cu s\u00a0renomovan\u00fdmi firmami zaoberaj\u00facimi sa spr\u00e1vou zariaden\u00ed alebo likvid\u00e1ciou elektronick\u00e9ho odpadu, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161pecializuj\u00fa na\u00a0vymaz\u00e1vanie firemn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fdch na\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00ed predaj. Ako v\u0161ak odhalil v\u00fdskum <\/strong><\/a>spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong><\/a> ESET<\/strong><\/a>, ani tu neexistuje stopercentn\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka, \u017ee sa va\u0161e \u00fadaje nedostan\u00fa do\u00a0nespr\u00e1vnych r\u00fak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ilustruje to pr\u00edpad v\u00fdrobnej firmy, ktor\u00e1 tak\u00fato slu\u017ebu vyu\u017eila, ale ako zistili v\u00fdskumn\u00edci spolo\u010dnosti ESET, jej \u00fadaje (vr\u00e1tane citliv\u00fdch firemn\u00fdch \u0161pecif\u00edk, ako je umiestnenie d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centier a\u00a0procesov, ktor\u00e9 v\u00a0nich prebiehali) neboli bezpe\u010dne zlikvidovan\u00e9. Tak\u00e9to inform\u00e1cie by mohli protivn\u00edkom poskytn\u00fa\u0165 cenn\u00fd preh\u013ead o\u00a0patentovan\u00fdch procesoch spolo\u010dnosti a\u00a0sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. V tomto smere preto vyvst\u00e1va d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 d\u00f4kladn\u00e9ho preverenia poskytovate\u013eov slu\u017eieb tret\u00edch str\u00e1n a\u00a0zavedenia spo\u013eahlivej politiky likvid\u00e1cie \u00fadajov na\u00a0ochranu citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako sa vysporiada\u0165 s routermi, ktor\u00e9 ste prestali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vo\u00a0v\u0161eobecnosti existuj\u00fa tri situ\u00e1cie, do\u00a0ktor\u00fdch sa m\u00f4\u017eete pri\u00a0vyra\u010fovan\u00ed routerov dosta\u0165, ako aj\u00a0konkr\u00e9tne kroky, ktor\u00e9 treba vykona\u0165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Ak je zariadenie st\u00e1le v\u00a0priestoroch spolo\u010dnosti a\u00a0funguje<\/strong>, prv\u00fdm krokom je skontrolova\u0165 webov\u00fa str\u00e1nku v\u00fdrobcu, kde n\u00e1jdete konkr\u00e9tne pokyny na\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vymazanie \u00fadajov<\/strong>. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 d\u00f4kladne overi\u0165, \u010di v\u00a0zariaden\u00ed po\u00a0vymazan\u00ed nezostali \u017eiadne citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa tie\u017e uklada\u0165 k\u00f3pie v\u0161etk\u00fdch relevantn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ako s\u00fa pr\u00edru\u010dky k\u00a0firmv\u00e9ru a\u00a0softv\u00e9ru, dokumenty a\u00a0po\u017eiadavky pre\u00a0technick\u00fa podporu do\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho umiestnenia vo\u00a0firemnej sieti bez oh\u013eadu na\u00a0to, \u010di s\u00fa tieto \u00fadaje dostupn\u00e9 na\u00a0verejnom f\u00f3re. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade zariaden\u00ed s\u00a0predplatn\u00fdm podpory si m\u00f4\u017eete vytvori\u0165 pripomienku v\u00a0kalend\u00e1ri, aby ste nezabudli obnovi\u0165 zmluvu na\u00a0podporu a\u00a0otestova\u0165 postupy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho vymazania zariadenia a\u00a0overenia, \u010di sa v\u00a0\u0148om u\u017e nenach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie spolo\u010dnosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Ak je zariadenie nefunk\u010dn\u00e9<\/strong>, je nevyhnutn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby sa pred jeho likvid\u00e1ciou vymazali konfigura\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje<\/strong>. Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed je zariadenie fyzicky zni\u010di\u0165 a\u00a0zaisti\u0165, aby sa dostalo do\u00a0pr\u00fadu elektronick\u00e9ho odpadu. Ak ste si ist\u00fd, \u017ee jedin\u00e9 miesto, kde sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa citliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje, je vymenite\u013en\u00e9 pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium, napr\u00edklad intern\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk alebo extern\u00e9 vymenite\u013en\u00e9 pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium, sta\u010d\u00ed fyzicky oddeli\u0165 pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium od\u00a0routera a\u00a0vykona\u0165 pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 kroky na\u00a0vymazanie a\u00a0likvid\u00e1ciu \u00fadajov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • V\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee d\u00e1ta neboli riadne vymazan\u00e9 a\u00a0zariadenie sa u\u017e nach\u00e1dza mimo firmy, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pos\u00fadi\u0165 \u00farove\u0148 rizika<\/strong>. Ak existuje mo\u017enos\u0165, \u017ee by zariadenie mohlo obsahova\u0165 citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, odpor\u00fa\u010da sa prija\u0165 vhodn\u00e9 opatrenia na\u00a0zmiernenie tohto rizika, napr\u00edklad zmeni\u0165 hesl\u00e1 alebo rotova\u0165 kryptografick\u00e9 k\u013e\u00fa\u010de. Implement\u00e1cia pr\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na\u00a0nulovej d\u00f4vere m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e pom\u00f4c\u0165 zmierni\u0165 riziko, a\u00a0to obmedzen\u00edm pr\u00edstupu k\u00a0citliv\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m len na\u00a0opr\u00e1vnen\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a\u00a0zariadenia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Vo\u00a0v\u0161eobecnosti by firmy mali implementova\u0165 komplexn\u00fa politiku spr\u00e1vy \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a postupy bezpe\u010dnej likvid\u00e1cie star\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed. Patr\u00ed sem aj zdie\u013eanie t\u00fdchto postupov so\u00a0zamestnancami, ktor\u00ed sa priamo podie\u013eaj\u00fa na\u00a0likvid\u00e1cii star\u00fdch firemn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, a\u00a0ich \u0161kolenie, aby z\u00e1sady dodr\u017eiavali spr\u00e1vne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Je tie\u017e nevyhnutn\u00e9 aktualizova\u0165 v\u0161etok firmv\u00e9r, preto\u017ee v\u00a0opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017eu hackeri zneu\u017ei\u0165 jeho pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti. V\u00fdrobcovia pravidelne vyd\u00e1vaj\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1cie na\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti svojich zariaden\u00ed a\u00a0je d\u00f4razne odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 si ich s\u0165ahova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Vzh\u013eadom na\u00a0neust\u00e1ly v\u00fdvoj technol\u00f3gi\u00ed nie je pre\u00a0spolo\u010dnosti v\u017edy jednoduch\u00e9 monitorova\u0165 v\u0161etky potenci\u00e1lne hrozby. Je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 uvedomi\u0165 si rizik\u00e1 spojen\u00e9 so\u00a0zle zabezpe\u010den\u00fdmi routermi a\u00a0podnikn\u00fa\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 kroky na\u00a0zaistenie ochrany. Dodr\u017eiavan\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdch r\u00e1d m\u00f4\u017eete zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 \u0161ancu, \u017ee va\u0161e firemn\u00e9 \u00fadaje zostan\u00fa v\u00a0bezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u010casto sa st\u00e1va, \u017ee firmy predaj\u00fa hardv\u00e9r bez toho, aby z neho d\u00f4kladne vymazali citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie. Tie potom m\u00f4\u017eu skon\u010di\u0165 v ruk\u00e1ch \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[140,105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5454","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desifrujeme-pre-vas","category-firemna-bezpecnost"],"yoast_head":"\nStar\u00e9 routery, ve\u013ek\u00e9 probl\u00e9my: Ako ich spr\u00e1vne zlikvidova\u0165? | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Routery m\u00f4\u017eu bez d\u00f4kladn\u00e9ho vymazania obsahova\u0165 citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, ku ktor\u00fdm sa vedia dosta\u0165 kybernetick\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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