{"id":5505,"date":"2023-09-27T10:38:27","date_gmt":"2023-09-27T08:38:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=5505"},"modified":"2023-10-03T14:03:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T12:03:09","slug":"top-5-programovacich-jazykov-pre-kyberneticku-bezpecnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/firemna-bezpecnost\/top-5-programovacich-jazykov-pre-kyberneticku-bezpecnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 5 programovac\u00edch jazykov pre kybernetick\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"BVF<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f3dovanie je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou zru\u010dnos\u0165ou v mnoh\u00fdch aspektoch dne\u0161nej spolo\u010dnosti zalo\u017eenej na technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch a m\u00e1 \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam pre mnoh\u00fdch uch\u00e1dza\u010dov o zamestnanie a \u0161tudentov, ktor\u00ed uva\u017euj\u00fa o kari\u00e9re v oblasti kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti<\/a>. Hoci z\u010faleka nie v\u0161etky \u00falohy v tejto sf\u00e9re si v\u00fdslovne vy\u017eaduj\u00fa zru\u010dnosti v oblasti k\u00f3dovania, je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 predstavi\u0165 si poz\u00edciu, ktor\u00e1 by v ur\u010ditom okamihu neprofitovala aspo\u0148 zo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa budeme venova\u0165 piatim naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm programovac\u00edm jazykom v oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti a zd\u00f4razn\u00edme hlavn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z nich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Python<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Python<\/a> je zn\u00e1my svojou rozsiahlou zbierkou n\u00e1strojov a kni\u017en\u00edc, jednoduchos\u0165ou pou\u017e\u00edvania a kompatibilitou s in\u00fdmi platformami a technol\u00f3giami, ako aj t\u00fdm, \u017ee m\u00e1 jednu z najakt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rskych komun\u00edt. To v\u0161etko z neho rob\u00ed jeden z najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00edch programovac\u00edch jazykov v oblasti kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti. \u010casto sa pou\u017e\u00edva na automatiz\u00e1ciu opakuj\u00facich sa \u00faloh, audit, forenzn\u00fa anal\u00fdzu a anal\u00fdzu \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako skriptovac\u00ed jazyk m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ve\u013emi u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd pri rie\u0161en\u00ed konkr\u00e9tneho probl\u00e9mu, napr\u00edklad pri anal\u00fdze malv\u00e9ru a z\u00edskavan\u00ed inform\u00e1ci\u00ed z neho, de\u0161ifrovan\u00ed jeho konfigur\u00e1cie alebo pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed in\u00fdch typov n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ovej anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je to jednoduch\u00fd a \u013eahko nau\u010dite\u013en\u00fd programovac\u00ed jazyk s ove\u013ea krat\u0161ou krivkou u\u010denia ako niektor\u00e9 in\u00e9 jazyky. V porovnan\u00ed s in\u00fdmi programovac\u00edmi jazykmi \u010dasto vy\u017eaduje ove\u013ea menej k\u00f3du. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o otvoren\u00fd zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d, inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o \u0148om je dostatok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PHP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hoci sa PHP<\/a> naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edva pri v\u00fdvoji webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok, existuje aj nieko\u013eko sp\u00f4sobov, ako ho mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 v oblasti kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti. Jedn\u00fdm z pr\u00edkladov je anal\u00fdza webov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fdch na jazyku PHP alebo h\u013eadanie zranite\u013enost\u00ed, ako je napr\u00edklad SQL injection alebo cross-site scripting (XSS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jazyk PHP m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd aj na identifik\u00e1ciu podozriv\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania webov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed alebo webov\u00fdch serverov prostredn\u00edctvom anal\u00fdzy ich protokolov, pri\u010dom sa h\u013eadaj\u00fa vzory, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu nazna\u010dova\u0165 kompromit\u00e1ciu alebo naru\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A napokon, hoci mo\u017enosti v\u00fdvoja bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov v in\u00fdch jazykoch s\u00fa ve\u013emi \u0161irok\u00e9, PHP umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 aj prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 webov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 rozhrania alebo integrova\u0165 r\u00f4zne bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 funkcie do ovl\u00e1dacieho panela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

JavaScript<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

JavaScript, zn\u00e1my aj ako \u201eJS\u201c, je interpretovan\u00fd, objektovo orientovan\u00fd skriptovac\u00ed programovac\u00ed jazyk. \u0160iroko sa pou\u017e\u00edva pri v\u00fdvoji r\u00f4znych aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, okrem in\u00e9ho webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok, mobiln\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a hier. Ak sa chcete zaobera\u0165 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou webov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed (a s\u00favisiacimi zranite\u013enos\u0165ami), bude pre va\u0161e kari\u00e9rne vyhliadky d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 dobre ovl\u00e1da\u0165 JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V oblasti kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti ho mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 na anal\u00fdzu \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru, t. j. na anal\u00fdzu k\u00f3du n\u00e1jden\u00e9ho v \u0161kodliv\u00fdch s\u00faboroch alebo webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach, ide\u00e1lne vo virtu\u00e1lnom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di alebo v izolovanom prostred\u00ed, aby sa predi\u0161lo pr\u00edpadn\u00e9mu ohrozeniu fyzick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. JavaScript umo\u017e\u0148uje aj vytv\u00e1ranie funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa vyvolan\u00e9 okam\u017eite, hne\u010f ako sa spust\u00ed skript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dato\u010dn\u00edci \u010dasto \u0161\u00edria \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d vytvoren\u00fd v jazyku JavaScript s vysokou \u00farov\u0148ou obfusk\u00e1cie s cie\u013eom skomplikova\u0165 pr\u00e1cu analytikov kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti a v snahe vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa detekcii bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm softv\u00e9rom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hoci \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fd vyh\u013ead\u00e1vac\u00ed jazyk (Structured Query Language – SQL) nie je univerz\u00e1lny programovac\u00ed jazyk, dobr\u00e1 znalos\u0165 toho, ako rela\u010dn\u00e9 datab\u00e1zy pracuj\u00fa s t\u00fdmto jazykom, je ve\u013emi u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e1 pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa audity bezpe\u010dnosti k\u00f3du a penetra\u010dn\u00e9 testy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jazyk SQL sa \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edva na zad\u00e1vanie dotazov a aktualiz\u00e1ciu tohto typu datab\u00e1z a jeho znalos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 n\u00e1js\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 chyby v k\u00f3de aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 v najhor\u0161om pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu do aplik\u00e1cie alebo syst\u00e9mu alebo ku kr\u00e1de\u017ei citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vcovia aj v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri p\u00ed\u0161u dotazy SQL na r\u00f4zne \u00fa\u010dely: okrem in\u00e9ho na z\u00edskavanie, aktualiz\u00e1ciu alebo vymaz\u00e1vanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed ulo\u017een\u00fdch v datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch tabu\u013ek\u00e1ch. Injekcia SQL zasa predstavuje jeden z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch \u00fatokov na webov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, pre ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 penetra\u010dn\u00e9 testy a identifikova\u0165 a odstra\u0148ova\u0165 tieto medzery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Powershell<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

PowerShell sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva na spr\u00e1vu konfigur\u00e1cie a automatiz\u00e1ciu \u00faloh, tak\u017ee je vynikaj\u00facou vo\u013ebou pre prostredia, v ktor\u00fdch prevl\u00e1daj\u00fa opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my Windows. Pri forenznej anal\u00fdze m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 PowerShell ve\u013emi u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd pri z\u00edskavan\u00ed inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a zis\u0165ovan\u00ed, ako sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci dostali do syst\u00e9mu po\u010das naru\u0161enia bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f4kladn\u00fa znalos\u0165 prostredia PowerShell mo\u017eno vyu\u017ei\u0165 aj pri penetra\u010dnom testovan\u00ed, a to v r\u00f4znych f\u00e1zach prebiehaj\u00facich po\u010das tohto procesu, ako je vykon\u00e1vanie exploitov, skenovanie slu\u017eieb a anal\u00fdza \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samozrejme existuj\u00fa aj in\u00e9 programovacie jazyky, ktor\u00e9 sa v kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa, ako napr\u00edklad C a C++, Java, Bash, Go a Ruby, ale tie bud\u00fa t\u00e9mou bud\u00facich \u010dl\u00e1nkov.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa venujeme piatim naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm programovac\u00edm jazykom v oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti a ich hlavn\u00fdm v\u00fdhod\u00e1m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[140,105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desifrujeme-pre-vas","category-firemna-bezpecnost"],"yoast_head":"\nTop 5 programovac\u00edch jazykov pre kyberbezpe\u010dnos\u0165 | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Uva\u017eujete o kari\u00e9re v kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti? 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