{"id":6051,"date":"2024-10-16T17:37:45","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T15:37:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=6051"},"modified":"2024-10-16T17:37:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T15:37:46","slug":"ako-sprava-zranitelnosti-a-zaplat-znizuje-riziko-hrozieb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/eset-blog\/ako-sprava-zranitelnosti-a-zaplat-znizuje-riziko-hrozieb\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako spr\u00e1va zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat zni\u017euje riziko hrozieb?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"BVF<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

S\u00a0neust\u00e1lym vznikom nov\u00fdch exploitov je t\u00e9ma zranite\u013enost\u00ed st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1lna a\u00a0len pod\u010diarkuje potrebu permanentnej ostra\u017eitosti a\u00a0proakt\u00edvnych obrann\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed. N\u00e1stroj ESET Vulnerability and Patch Management<\/a><\/strong> je teraz k dispoz\u00edcii aj pre platformy Linux a macOS a je dostupn\u00fd aj ako samostatn\u00fd doplnok k bal\u00edkom ESET PROTECT Entry, ESET PROTECT Advanced a ESET PROTECT Enterpise.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vo svete, ktor\u00fd zaznamen\u00e1va v priemere najmenej 7 240 nov\u00fdch zranite\u013enost\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161tvr\u0165rok (na z\u00e1klade d\u00e1t z roku 2023<\/a>), by mala by\u0165 n\u00e1prava kritick\u00fdch zranite\u013enost\u00ed prvoradou prioritou; v opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edvatelia \u010deli\u0165 r\u00f4znym probl\u00e9mom od kompromit\u00e1cie d\u00f4vern\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a\u017e po vystavenie cel\u00fdch siet\u00ed ransomv\u00e9ru \u010di wiperom. Mo\u017en\u00e9 negat\u00edvne scen\u00e1re s\u00fa neobmedzen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je preto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zamera\u0165 sa na posilnenie bezpe\u010dnostnej vyspelosti va\u0161ej firmy a vzh\u013eadom na n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s \u00fanikmi \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161plhaj\u00fa na nieko\u013eko mili\u00f3nov dol\u00e1rov<\/a>, nezabudn\u00fa\u0165 ani na nasadzovanie z\u00e1plat na v\u0161etky zariadenia a opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 spr\u00e1va zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Lek\u00e1ri zvy\u010dajne tvrdia, \u017ee \u013eudia by mali podporova\u0165 svoje zdravie ka\u017edodenn\u00fdm pr\u00edjmom zdrav\u00fdch d\u00e1vok vitam\u00ednov \u2013 zni\u017euj\u00fa tak pravdepodobnos\u0165 oslabenia imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00fd vedie k neust\u00e1lemu vzniku chor\u00f4b. V pr\u00edpade firiem je situ\u00e1cia podobn\u00e1. Bez invest\u00edci\u00ed do komplexn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed na zaistenie kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti a \u0161kolen\u00ed na zvy\u0161ovanie povedomia o hrozb\u00e1ch bude ich podnikanie zranite\u013en\u00e9 vo\u010di kompromit\u00e1ci\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zd\u00e1 sa v\u0161ak, \u017ee tak ako \u013eudia maj\u00fa tendenciu podce\u0148ova\u0165 potrebu vitam\u00ednov a prevent\u00edvnych prehliadok, aj podniky ignoruj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 kontroly a nasadzovanie z\u00e1plat. Vyskytlo sa mno\u017estvo pr\u00edpadov, ke\u010f boli organiz\u00e1cie napadnut\u00e9 z d\u00f4vodu zn\u00e1mych zranite\u013enost\u00ed. V roku 2017 bola napr\u00edklad pre neopraven\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti1<\/sup> kompromitovan\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Equifax a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci t\u00fato situ\u00e1ciu vyu\u017eili na z\u00edskanie s\u00fakromn\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov 147,9 mili\u00f3na Ameri\u010danov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celkovo toto katastrof\u00e1lne naru\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti st\u00e1lo spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Equifax pribli\u017ene<\/a> 1,4 miliardy USD<\/a>. Men\u0161ie podniky by tak\u00e9to n\u00e1klady, dokonca aj v pomere k ich pr\u00edjmom, pravdepodobne \u00faplne pochovali. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia firma by to mohla ust\u00e1\u0165, no rovnako existuje ve\u013ek\u00e1 pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee by ju to polo\u017eilo, a to len preto, \u017ee nedbala na d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 opr\u00e1v kritick\u00fdch zranite\u013enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ste vo\u010di zranite\u013enostiam dostato\u010dne odoln\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V datab\u00e1ze be\u017en\u00fdch zranite\u013enost\u00ed a riz\u00edk (CVE)<\/a> bolo len za rok 2023 zaznamenan\u00fdch 28 961 zranite\u013enost\u00ed, \u010do predstavuje 15 % n\u00e1rast v porovnan\u00ed s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facim rokom. Za prv\u00fd \u0161tvr\u0165rok 2024 u\u017e bolo nahl\u00e1sen\u00fdch 8 697 zranite\u013enost\u00ed (pre porovnanie, v prvom \u0161tvr\u0165roku 2023 ich bolo 7 015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koncov\u00e9 zariadenia, ako s\u00fa servery alebo po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa rizikov\u00e9, preto\u017ee v sebe m\u00f4\u017eu ukr\u00fdva\u0165 neopraven\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a aplik\u00e1cie. Ten ist\u00fd v\u00fdskum tie\u017e poukazuje na fakt, \u017ee ransomv\u00e9rov\u00e9 gangy s\u00fa \u010doraz zru\u010dnej\u0161ie a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa programovacie jazyky, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu kr\u00ed\u017eovo kompilova\u0165 k\u00f3d a s\u00fa\u010dasne tak cieli\u0165 na syst\u00e9my Windows aj Linux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na internete koluje m\u00fdtus, \u017ee Linux je inherentne bezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed ako in\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ke\u010f\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci sa zameriavaj\u00fa len na tie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9. T\u00e1to myln\u00e1 predstava je v\u0161ak \u013eahko vyvr\u00e1tite\u013en\u00e1, lebo Linux je jedn\u00fdm z glob\u00e1lne najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edch syst\u00e9mov. Tvor\u00ed pribli\u017ene 96 % infra\u0161trukt\u00fary webov\u00fdch serverov<\/a>, zatia\u013e \u010do Android predstavuje 72 % z celosvetov\u00e9ho trhu s mobiln\u00fdmi zariadeniami<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci spolo\u010dnosti ESET ned\u00e1vno zverejnili spr\u00e1vu o botnete Ebury<\/a>, ktor\u00fd skompromitoval pribli\u017ene 400 tis\u00edc linuxov\u00fdch serverov na \u00fa\u010dely kr\u00e1de\u017ee kryptomien a in\u00fdch krimin\u00e1lnych aktiv\u00edt. V\u00fdskum odhalil aj mno\u017estvo backdoorov v n\u00e1stroji OpenSSH<\/a>, \u010do viedlo k zdokumentovaniu takmer 21 rod\u00edn linuxov\u00e9ho malv\u00e9ru s funkciami na kr\u00e1de\u017e prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov a vytv\u00e1ranie backdoorov. Okrem toho sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci zameriavaj\u00fa na linuxov\u00e9 HPC klastre pomocou sofistikovan\u00e9ho malv\u00e9ru, ako napr\u00edklad Kobalos<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hrozby zameran\u00e9 na Linux s\u00fa teda celkom ur\u010dite re\u00e1lne a m\u00f4\u017eu poriadne zasiahnu\u0165 vn\u00fatro firemnej bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podstata rie\u0161en\u00ed na spr\u00e1vu zranite\u013enost\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do sa zaobera\u0165 pr\u00e1ve zranite\u013enos\u0165ami? Podniku, ktor\u00fd pova\u017euje stav svojho zabezpe\u010denia za \u00fapln\u00fd a vyspel\u00fd, sa m\u00f4\u017ee zda\u0165, \u017ee jeho nasaden\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd softv\u00e9r sa postar\u00e1 o v\u0161etko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nie je to celkom pravda. Samotn\u00e9 produkty na zabezpe\u010denie koncov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed sa zvy\u010dajne skladaj\u00fa z viacer\u00fdch vrstiev zaru\u010duj\u00facich siln\u00fa ochranu \u2013 to v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017eu zaisti\u0165 pred ka\u017edou vonkaj\u0161ou hrozbou. Existuje d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do s\u00fa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v kurze rie\u0161enia na detekciu a reakciu \u010di cloudov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie; podstatou je minimalizova\u0165 riziko redukovan\u00edm potenci\u00e1lnych miest \u00fatokov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoci bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje dok\u00e1\u017eu n\u00e1pravu vykona\u0165 pomerne r\u00fdchlo (spravovan\u00e9 slu\u017eby ESET<\/a> reaguj\u00fa prakticky okam\u017eite), ka\u017ed\u00e1 vrstva zabezpe\u010denia zohr\u00e1va v procese akt\u00edvnej ochrany in\u00fa a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k va\u0161ej bezpe\u010dnosti je udr\u017ea\u0165 si n\u00e1skok pred \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkmi a zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 im n\u00e1js\u0165 slab\u00e9 miesta. Tie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 kdeko\u013evek \u2013 v aplik\u00e1cii, opera\u010dnom syst\u00e9me zariadenia alebo infra\u0161trukt\u00fare servera, predstavuj\u00fac tak viacero potenci\u00e1lnych vstupn\u00fdch bodov. Vhodn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie na spr\u00e1vu zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat v\u00e1m v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje na vyhodnotenie zranite\u013enost\u00ed a opravu nezabezpe\u010den\u00fdch trhl\u00edn, nech sa u\u017e nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa kdeko\u013evek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

ESET Vulnerability & Patch Management (V&PM) \u2013 zdrav\u00e1 d\u00e1vka vitam\u00ednov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ako sme u\u017e spomenuli, v\u00fdvoj hrozieb je flexibilnej\u0161\u00ed ako kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm a je potrebn\u00e9 posilni\u0165 obrann\u00e9 mechanizmy s cie\u013eom ochr\u00e1ni\u0165 v\u0161etky zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 firma pou\u017e\u00edva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00a0ESET Vulnerability and Patch Management<\/a><\/strong> ako samostatn\u00fdm doplnkom k\u00a0predplatn\u00e9mu ESET PROTECT Entry,\u00a0ESET PROTECT Advanced a\u00a0ESET PROTECT Enterprise<\/a> sa teraz m\u00f4\u017ee aj t\u00e1 najmen\u0161ia firma zamera\u0165 na\u00a0prevenciu a\u00a0odvr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010d\u00edhaj\u00face hrozby, ktor\u00e9 chc\u00fa prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do\u00a0jej jadra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modul V&PM je priamo integrovan\u00fd do platformy ESET PROTECT a je st\u00e1le zapnut\u00fd, v\u010faka \u010domu je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u013eahko zosta\u0165 v obraze a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 sa pred \u00fatokmi, zero-day hrozbami aj ransomv\u00e9rom. Preh\u013ead a informovanos\u0165 o aktu\u00e1lnom zabezpe\u010den\u00ed s\u00fa vylep\u0161en\u00e9 s nov\u00fdm riadiacim panelom, ktor\u00fd poskytuje okam\u017eit\u00fd preh\u013ead o stave zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat v celej podnikovej sieti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S cie\u013eom reagova\u0165 na potrebu komplexn\u00e9ho vyhodnocovania zranite\u013enost\u00ed a nasadzovania z\u00e1plat spolo\u010dnos\u0165 ESET navy\u0161e roz\u0161\u00edrila modul V&PM aj na syst\u00e9my Linux2<\/sup> a macOS3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee pri spr\u00e1ve serverov Windows a Linux je potrebn\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e1 kontrola, modul V&PM na nich nie je automatizovan\u00fd, v\u010faka \u010domu maj\u00fa cel\u00fd proces v ruk\u00e1ch samotn\u00ed spr\u00e1vcovia, ktor\u00ed si tak m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ist\u00ed, \u017ee nenaru\u0161ia firemn\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak m\u00e1 spr\u00e1vca podozrenie na naru\u0161enie konkr\u00e9tneho syst\u00e9mu, manu\u00e1lna kontrola zranite\u013enost\u00ed mu umo\u017en\u00ed v pr\u00edpade potreby r\u00fdchlo kona\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Choroba nech je pre\u010d!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u010faka s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom, ako je napr\u00edklad komplexn\u00fd modul ESET V&PM, naru\u0161enia vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face zo zneu\u017eitia zranite\u013enost\u00ed u\u017e nie s\u00fa o smole \u2013 s\u00fa o nepozornosti a podce\u0148ovan\u00ed, pri\u010dom obe tieto skuto\u010dnosti maj\u00fa pre organiz\u00e1cie obrovsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 a dokonca existen\u010dn\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na spolo\u010dnosti je vyv\u00edjan\u00fd v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed tlak kv\u00f4li zav\u00e1dzaniu striktn\u00fdch noriem, ako je NIS2 v Eur\u00f3pe<\/a> a PCI DSS 4.0<\/a> na celom svete, ktor\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00fa transparentn\u00e9 zverej\u0148ovanie a spr\u00e1vu zranite\u013enost\u00ed. Ni\u010d z tohto by nemalo by\u0165 prekvapuj\u00face \u2013 vzh\u013eadom na tis\u00edce zranite\u013enost\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1van\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161tvr\u0165rok sta\u010d\u00ed jedna neopraven\u00e1 trhlina a \u010dak\u00e1 v\u00e1s trag\u00e9dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skontrolujte teda zdravie svojej spolo\u010dnosti a nepodce\u0148ujte jej imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m – ke\u010f m\u00e1te tak\u00e9to vitam\u00edny po ruke, pre\u010do ich neu\u017e\u00edva\u0165?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 <\/sup>Zneu\u017eit\u00e1 <\/em>zranite\u013enos\u0165<\/em><\/a> sa t\u00fdkala r\u00e1mca na vytv\u00e1ranie webov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed nap\u00edsan\u00fdch v jazyku Java, \u010do umo\u017enilo \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom <\/em>sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 k\u00f3d na dia\u013eku<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup><\/em> Kompatibilitu so syst\u00e9mom Linux si pozrite na webovej str\u00e1nke ESET<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 <\/sup><\/em>Okrem toho je v pl\u00e1ne zavies\u0165 aj spr\u00e1vu z\u00e1plat pre Linux a takisto kontrolu a in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu z\u00e1plat na opera\u010dnom syst\u00e9me macOS.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00a0neust\u00e1lym vznikom nov\u00fdch exploitov je t\u00e9ma zranite\u013enost\u00ed st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1lna a\u00a0len pod\u010diarkuje potrebu permanentnej ostra\u017eitosti a\u00a0proakt\u00edvnych obrann\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6053,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[143],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eset-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nAko spr\u00e1va zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat zni\u017euje riziko hrozieb? | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Spr\u00e1va zranite\u013enost\u00ed a z\u00e1plat je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm prevent\u00edvnym opatren\u00edm pred zneu\u017eit\u00edm 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