{"id":6404,"date":"2025-11-21T16:24:55","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=6404"},"modified":"2025-11-21T16:25:22","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:25:22","slug":"preco-sa-shadow-ai-moze-stat-vasim-najvacsim-rizikom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/firemna-bezpecnost\/preco-sa-shadow-ai-moze-stat-vasim-najvacsim-rizikom\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do sa shadow AI m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 va\u0161\u00edm najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm rizikom"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"BVF<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Od ne\u00famyseln\u00e9ho \u00faniku d\u00e1t a\u017e po chybov\u00fd k\u00f3d \u2013 tu je d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by v\u00e1s v spolo\u010dnosti malo tr\u00e1pi\u0165 neautorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie AI.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shadow IT<\/a> bolo u\u017e dlho t\u0155\u0148om v oku firemn\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch t\u00edmov. Napokon, nem\u00f4\u017eete riadi\u0165 ani chr\u00e1ni\u0165 to, o \u010dom v\u00f4bec neviete. Teraz v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 situ\u00e1cia e\u0161te hor\u0161ia. Rozsah, dosah a sila umelej inteligencie (AI) rob\u00ed zo shadow AI probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd by mal zauj\u00edma\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho IT alebo bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho mana\u017e\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00e9 riziko prekvit\u00e1 v temn\u00fdch z\u00f3nach medzi smernicami prijate\u013en\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. Ak ste tak e\u0161te neurobili, mo\u017eno nastal \u010das posvieti\u0165 si na to, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 va\u0161\u00edm najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm slep\u00fdm miestom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je shadow AI a pre\u010do pr\u00e1ve teraz?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1stroje umelej inteligencie s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou firemn\u00e9ho IT u\u017e pomerne dlho. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm t\u00edmom pom\u00e1haj\u00fa odha\u013eova\u0165 nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9 aktivity a filtrova\u0165 hrozby, ako je spam, u\u017e od za\u010diatku 2000-cich rokov. Tentoraz je to v\u0161ak in\u00e9. Od prelomov\u00e9ho \u00faspechu n\u00e1stroja ChatGPT od spolo\u010dnosti OpenAI v roku 2023, ke\u010f chatbot z\u00edskal 100 mili\u00f3nov pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v priebehu prv\u00fdch dvoch mesiacov, s\u00fa zamestnanci nad\u0161en\u00ed z potenci\u00e1lu generat\u00edvnej AI u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 im pr\u00e1cu. Korpor\u00e1cie v\u0161ak reaguj\u00fa pomal\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzniklo tak v\u00e1kuum, ktor\u00e9 frustrovan\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvatelia ve\u013emi ochotne vyp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa. Hoci je takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9 presne zmera\u0165 trend, ktor\u00fd sa zo svojej podstaty odohr\u00e1va \u201ev tieni\u201c, Microsoft odhaduje<\/a>, \u017ee 78 % pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov AI si dnes nos\u00ed vlastn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje do pr\u00e1ce. Nie je n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee 60 % IT l\u00eddrov sa ob\u00e1va<\/a>, \u017ee vrcholov\u00fd mana\u017ement nem\u00e1 pl\u00e1n, ako technol\u00f3giu ofici\u00e1lne zavies\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Popul\u00e1rne chatboty ako ChatGPT, Gemini \u010di Claude mo\u017eno ve\u013emi jednoducho pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 alebo stiahnu\u0165 do zariaden\u00ed v re\u017eime BYOD alebo na notebooky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pri pr\u00e1ci z domu. Pon\u00fakaj\u00fa niektor\u00fdm zamestnancom l\u00e1kav\u00fa predstavu zn\u00ed\u017eenia objemu pr\u00e1ce, zmiernenia term\u00ednov a uvo\u013enenia r\u00fak na \u010dinnosti s vy\u0161\u0161ou pridanou hodnotou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mimo verejn\u00fdch AI modelov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Samostatn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie ako ChatGPT tvoria ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 probl\u00e9mu shadow AI. Nepredstavuj\u00fa v\u0161ak cel\u00fd rozsah rizika. Technol\u00f3gia m\u00f4\u017ee do firmy \u201epretiec\u0165\u201c aj cez roz\u0161\u00edrenia prehliada\u010da. Alebo cez funkcie v legit\u00edmnych biznisov\u00fdch softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch produktoch, ktor\u00e9 si pou\u017e\u00edvatelia zapn\u00fa bez vedomia IT oddelenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potom je tu “agentic AI” \u2013 \u010fal\u0161ia vlna inov\u00e1ci\u00ed v oblasti AI, zalo\u017een\u00e1 na auton\u00f3mnych agentoch navrhnut\u00fdch tak, aby samostatne plnili konkr\u00e9tne \u00falohy zadan\u00e9 \u013eu\u010fmi. Bez spr\u00e1vne nastaven\u00fdch ohrani\u010den\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu potenci\u00e1lne z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup k citliv\u00fdm d\u00e1tov\u00fdm \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1m a vykon\u00e1va\u0165 neautorizovan\u00e9 \u010di \u0161kodliv\u00e9 akcie. A ke\u010f si to niekto v\u0161imne, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 u\u017e neskoro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 prin\u00e1\u0161a shadow AI?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To v\u0161etko vytv\u00e1ra pre organiz\u00e1cie z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 a compliance rizik\u00e1. Najprv zv\u00e1\u017eme neautorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie verejn\u00fdch AI modelov. Pri ka\u017edom pr\u00edkaze (prompte) existuje riziko<\/a>, \u017ee zamestnanec zdie\u013ea citliv\u00e9 a\/alebo regulovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 z\u00e1pisnice z por\u00e1d, du\u0161evn\u00e9 vlastn\u00edctvo, k\u00f3d alebo osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov \u010di zamestnancov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161etko, \u010do do modelu \u201evst\u00fapi\u201c, sa m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 na jeho \u010fal\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e9ning, a teda sa to m\u00f4\u017ee v nejakej podobe nesk\u00f4r zobrazi\u0165 in\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom. \u00dadaje s\u00fa navy\u0161e ulo\u017een\u00e9 na serveroch tretej strany, potenci\u00e1lne v jurisdikci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa rovnak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 a s\u00fakromnostn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy ako vy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To nebude po chuti dozorn\u00fdm org\u00e1nom na ochranu osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov (napr. GDPR, CCPA a pod.). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 to zvy\u0161uje riziko t\u00fdm, \u017ee potenci\u00e1lne umo\u017e\u0148uje zamestnancom poskytovate\u013ea AI n\u00e1stroja prezera\u0165 si va\u0161e citliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie. D\u00e1ta m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 tie\u017e uniknut\u00e9 alebo kompromitovan\u00e9 samotn\u00fdm poskytovate\u013eom \u2013 ako sa to stalo \u010d\u00ednskemu poskytovate\u013eovi DeepSeek<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chatboty m\u00f4\u017eu obsahova\u0165 softv\u00e9rov\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti \u010di backdoory, ktor\u00e9 organiz\u00e1ciu ne\u00famyselne vystavuj\u00fa cielen\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m. A ka\u017ed\u00fd zamestnanec, ktor\u00fd si je ochotn\u00fd stiahnu\u0165 chatbot na pracovn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, m\u00f4\u017ee omylom nain\u0161talova\u0165 aj \u0161kodliv\u00fa verziu navrhnut\u00fa \u0161peci\u00e1lne na kr\u00e1de\u017e citliv\u00fdch \u00fadajov z jeho zariadenia. Na internete je mno\u017estvo falo\u0161n\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov generat\u00edvnej AI vytvoren\u00fdch pr\u00e1ve na tento \u00fa\u010del.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"BVF_MDR_banner\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Rizik\u00e1 presahuj\u00fa aj za hranicu \u00faniku d\u00e1t. Neautorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie n\u00e1strojov na programovanie m\u00f4\u017ee napr\u00edklad do z\u00e1kazn\u00edckych produktov zavies\u0165 zneu\u017eite\u013en\u00e9 chyby, ak v\u00fdstup nie je riadne kontrolovan\u00fd. Dokonca aj pou\u017e\u00edvanie analytick\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fdch AI m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 rizikov\u00e9, ak s\u00fa modely tr\u00e9novan\u00e9 na zaujat\u00fdch alebo nekvalitn\u00fdch d\u00e1tach, \u010do vedie k chybn\u00e9mu rozhodovaniu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AI agenti m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 falo\u0161n\u00fd obsah a chybn\u00fd k\u00f3d alebo vykon\u00e1va\u0165 neautorizovan\u00e9 akcie bez vedomia svojich \u013eudsk\u00fdch \u201emajite\u013eov\u201c. \u00da\u010dty, ktor\u00e9 t\u00edto agenti potrebuj\u00fa na fungovanie, sa tie\u017e m\u00f4\u017eu sta\u0165 popul\u00e1rnym cie\u013eom pre prevzatie, ak ich digit\u00e1lne identity nebud\u00fa spr\u00e1vne spravovan\u00e9. Niektor\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto riz\u00edk s\u00fa zatia\u013e teoretick\u00e9, in\u00e9 nie. IBM tvrd\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee u\u017e minul\u00fd rok utrpelo 20 % organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed naru\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti v d\u00f4sledku incidentov s\u00favisiacich so shadow AI. U t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa vysok\u00fa mieru v\u00fdskytu shadow AI, m\u00f4\u017ee pod\u013ea v\u00fdpo\u010dtov prida\u0165 a\u017e 670 000 USD k priemern\u00fdm n\u00e1kladom na \u00fanik d\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incidenty spojen\u00e9 so shadow AI m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00fd aj reputa\u010dn\u00fd dopad, vr\u00e1tane pok\u00fat za poru\u0161enie pravidiel. Rovnako \u0161kodliv\u00e9 v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 aj biznisov\u00e9 rozhodnutia prijat\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade chybn\u00fdch alebo kompromitovan\u00fdch v\u00fdstupov \u2013 ak nie e\u0161te viac, najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee si ich chybu \u010dasto nikto nev\u0161imne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako si posvieti\u0165 na shadow AI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nech u\u017e sa rozhodnete rie\u0161i\u0165 tieto rizik\u00e1 akoko\u013evek, nesta\u010d\u00ed len prid\u00e1va\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9 novoobjaven\u00e9 shadow AI rie\u0161enie na \u201edeny list\u201c. Mus\u00edte si prizna\u0165, \u017ee tieto technol\u00f3gie sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa, pochopi\u0165, do akej miery a na ak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, a potom vytvori\u0165 realistick\u00fa politiku prijate\u013en\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania. To by malo \u00eds\u0165 ruka v ruke s intern\u00fdm testovan\u00edm a due diligence pri v\u00fdbere dod\u00e1vate\u013eov AI, aby ste pochopili, kde sa v konkr\u00e9tnych n\u00e1strojoch nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 a compliance rizik\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017diadne dve organiz\u00e1cie nie s\u00fa rovnak\u00e9. Svoje politiky preto stavajte na vlastnej ochote riskova\u0165. Ak s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje zak\u00e1zan\u00e9, sna\u017ete sa ma\u0165 pripraven\u00e9 alternat\u00edvy, na ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov presved\u010di\u0165, aby pre\u0161li. A vytvorte jednoduch\u00fd proces, cez ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017eu zamestnanci \u017eiada\u0165 o pr\u00edstup k nov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom, ktor\u00e9 ste zatia\u013e neobjavili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toto v\u0161etko skombinujte s eduk\u00e1ciou pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Vysvetlite im, \u010do v\u0161etko m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm shadow AI ohrozi\u0165. V\u00e1\u017ene \u00faniky d\u00e1t niekedy kon\u010dia firemnou paral\u00fdzou, zastaven\u00edm digit\u00e1lnej transform\u00e1cie a dokonca prep\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00edm. Zv\u00e1\u017ete aj nasadenie monitoringu siete a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov na zmiernenie rizika \u00faniku d\u00e1t a zlep\u0161enie vidite\u013enosti pou\u017e\u00edvania AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 bola v\u017edy o balansovan\u00ed medzi zmier\u0148ovan\u00edm riz\u00edk a podporou produktivity. A pri zvl\u00e1dan\u00ed v\u00fdzvy shadow AI to nie je inak. Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 va\u0161ej \u00falohy je udr\u017ea\u0165 organiz\u00e1ciu v bezpe\u010d\u00ed a v s\u00falade s regul\u00e1ciou. Ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u00e1te podporova\u0165 rast biznisu. A pre mnoh\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie bude tento rast v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch rokoch poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fd pr\u00e1ve umelou inteligenciou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od ne\u00famyseln\u00e9ho \u00faniku d\u00e1t a\u017e po chybov\u00fd k\u00f3d \u2013 tu je d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by v\u00e1s v spolo\u010dnosti malo tr\u00e1pi\u0165 neautorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie AI. Shadow IT bolo u\u017e dlho t\u0155\u0148om v oku firemn\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch t\u00edmov. Napokon, nem\u00f4\u017eete riadi\u0165 ani chr\u00e1ni\u0165 to, o \u010dom v\u00f4bec neviete. Teraz v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 situ\u00e1cia e\u0161te hor\u0161ia. Rozsah, dosah a sila umelej inteligencie (AI) rob\u00ed zo shadow AI probl\u00e9m,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6406,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[140,105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desifrujeme-pre-vas","category-firemna-bezpecnost"],"yoast_head":"\nPre\u010do sa shadow AI m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 va\u0161\u00edm najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm rizikom | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Od ne\u00famyseln\u00e9ho \u00faniku d\u00e1t a\u017e po chybov\u00fd k\u00f3d \u2013 tu je d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by v\u00e1s v spolo\u010dnosti malo tr\u00e1pi\u0165 neautorizovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie AI.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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