{"id":6624,"date":"2026-05-22T10:15:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-22T08:15:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/?p=6624"},"modified":"2026-05-22T10:15:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T08:15:16","slug":"tychto-7-chyb-robia-pri-kyberbezpecnosti-slovenske-firmy-najcastejsie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnevofirme.eset.com\/sk\/firemna-bezpecnost\/tychto-7-chyb-robia-pri-kyberbezpecnosti-slovenske-firmy-najcastejsie\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fdchto 7 ch\u00fdb robia pri kyberbezpe\u010dnosti slovensk\u00e9 firmy naj\u010dastej\u0161ie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"BVF<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 u\u017e d\u00e1vno nie je t\u00e9mou len pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 korpor\u00e1cie. Naopak, mal\u00e9 a stredn\u00e9 slovensk\u00e9 firmy s\u00fa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom \u00fatokov, preto\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci vedia, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve tu n\u00e1jdu najviac otvoren\u00fdch dver\u00ed. Dobr\u00e1 spr\u00e1va? V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina probl\u00e9mov nevznik\u00e1 kv\u00f4li sofistikovan\u00fdm hackom, ale kv\u00f4li jednoduch\u00fdm, opakuj\u00facim sa chyb\u00e1m.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prin\u00e1\u0161ame preh\u013ead naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch pre\u0161\u013eapov slovensk\u00fdch mal\u00fdch a\u00a0stredn\u00fdch firiem a konkr\u00e9tne kroky, ako ich odstr\u00e1ni\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Multifaktorov\u00e9 overenie len pre IT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

MFA (multifaktorov\u00e1 autentifik\u00e1cia) dnes patr\u00ed medzi naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 opatrenia. Napriek tomu ju vo firm\u00e1ch \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa len administr\u00e1tori alebo IT oddelenie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci zvy\u010dajne neza\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa \u00fatok na admina, ale na be\u017en\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea \u2013 napr\u00edklad cez phishingov\u00fd e-mail. Ak m\u00e1 zamestnanec chr\u00e1nen\u00fd \u00fa\u010det iba slab\u00fdm heslom, jeho kompromit\u00e1cia je ot\u00e1zkou min\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Zave\u010fte MFA pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, minim\u00e1lne pre e-mail, cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby a vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup. Ide\u00e1lne cez autentifika\u010dn\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu, napr\u00edklad ESET Secure Authentication<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Administr\u00e1torsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1va pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V mnoh\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch maj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvatelia administr\u00e1torsk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vnenia, lebo \u201einak im ni\u010d nefunguje\u201c. Tento pr\u00edstup v\u0161ak dramaticky zvy\u0161uje riziko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak sa \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r dostane do zariadenia s administr\u00e1torsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vami, z\u00edskava prakticky \u00fapln\u00fa kontrolu a m\u00f4\u017ee sa \u0161\u00edri\u0165 naprie\u010d celou sie\u0165ou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Zave\u010fte princ\u00edp najmen\u0161\u00edch opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed (least privilege). Be\u017en\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvatelia nepotrebuj\u00fa admin pr\u00e1va na ka\u017edodenn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu. Administr\u00e1torsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty pou\u017e\u00edvajte oddelene a len na konkr\u00e9tne \u00fakony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Hesl\u00e1 ulo\u017een\u00e9 v Exceli alebo pozn\u00e1mkach<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zdie\u013ean\u00fd s\u00fabor \u201ehesla.xlsx\u201c patr\u00ed medzi najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 \u201eanti-patterny\u201c. \u010casto b\u00fdva ulo\u017een\u00fd na disku, ku ktor\u00e9mu m\u00e1 pr\u00edstup viacero \u013eud\u00ed \u2013 pr\u00edpadne dokonca cel\u00fd t\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sta\u010d\u00ed kompromitova\u0165 jeden \u00fa\u010det a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk z\u00edska pr\u00edstup ku v\u0161etk\u00fdm hesl\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Nahra\u010fte Excel profesion\u00e1lnym password managerom. Umo\u017e\u0148uje bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zdie\u013eanie pr\u00edstupov, audit aj pou\u017eitie dvojfaktorov\u00e9ho overenia.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Zosta\u0148te v obraze
a o krok pred \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkmi.<\/h3>\n

Prihl\u00e1ste sa na odber n\u00e1\u0161ho newslettra a ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac z\u00edskajte preh\u013ead o aktu\u00e1lnych hrozb\u00e1ch aj praktick\u00e9 rady, ako chr\u00e1ni\u0165 firmu.<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
Pravidl\u00e1 ochrany s\u00fakromia<\/a> a Zmluvn\u00e9 podmienky<\/a> spolo\u010dnosti Google.<\/small>Ochrane s\u00fakromia<\/a>.<\/label>

4. Star\u00e9 zariadenia bez aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

NAS \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1, servery alebo sie\u0165ov\u00e9 zariadenia \u010dasto be\u017eia roky bez aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed. Funguj\u00fa, tak sa ich nikto nechyt\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee zn\u00e1me zranite\u013enosti s\u00fa verejne zdokumentovan\u00e9 a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci ich automaticky skenuj\u00fa a zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Zave\u010fte pravideln\u00fd aktualiza\u010dn\u00fd proces pre v\u0161etky zariadenia, opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a aplik\u00e1cie. Zjednodu\u0161i\u0165 si to m\u00f4\u017eete automatizovan\u00edm – pomocou n\u00e1stroja ESET Vulnerability and Patch Management<\/strong><\/a>. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Z\u00e1lohy, ktor\u00e9 nikto netestuje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00e9 slovensk\u00e9 firmy si myslia, \u017ee maj\u00fa z\u00e1lohy vyrie\u0161en\u00e9. Realita? Nikto nikdy nesk\u00fasil obnovi\u0165 d\u00e1ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pri incidente (napr\u00edklad ransomv\u00e9rovom \u00fatoku) sa tak zist\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1loha je ne\u00fapln\u00e1, po\u0161koden\u00e1 alebo nepou\u017eite\u013en\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Dodr\u017eiavajte 3-2-1 pravidlo (3 k\u00f3pie d\u00e1t, 2 r\u00f4zne m\u00e9di\u00e1, 1 offline). K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 je pravidelne obnovu aj testova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u017diadny monitoring ani logovanie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bez logov firma vlastne netu\u0161\u00ed, \u010do sa v jej IT prostred\u00ed deje. \u00datok tak m\u00f4\u017ee zosta\u0165 neodhalen\u00fd cel\u00e9 t\u00fd\u017edne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Zapnite auditn\u00e9 logovanie v k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch (Microsoft 365, servery, firewall). Nastavte z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 upozornenia, napr\u00edklad na podozriv\u00e9 prihl\u00e1senia alebo nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9 aktivity, a zabezpe\u010dte, aby ich niekto re\u00e1lne sledoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre firmy je praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1stroje, ktor\u00e9 vedia tieto d\u00e1ta centralizova\u0165 a vyhodnocova\u0165. Modern\u00e9 rie\u0161enia roz\u0161\u00edrenej detekcie a\u00a0reakcie (XDR)<\/strong><\/a> dok\u00e1\u017eu prepoji\u0165 inform\u00e1cie zo zariaden\u00ed, siete aj cloudu a odhali\u0165 podozriv\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie v kontexte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 ako \u201eIT probl\u00e9m\u201c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou slabinou nie s\u00fa technol\u00f3gie, ale \u013eudia. Phishingov\u00e9 \u00fatoky cielia na zamestnancov, nie na servery. Ak firma nevzdel\u00e1va svojich \u013eud\u00ed, aj najlep\u0161ie technick\u00e9 opatrenia m\u00f4\u017eu zlyha\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to napravi\u0165:<\/strong>
Zave\u010fte jednoduch\u00fd, pravideln\u00fd security awareness program<\/a><\/strong>. Kr\u00e1tke \u0161kolenia, praktick\u00e9 uk\u00e1\u017eky a simul\u00e1cie phishingu v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euj\u00fa riziko. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je aj vytvori\u0165 kult\u00faru, kde je nahlasovanie podozriv\u00fdch e-mailov samozrejmos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zhrnutie pre slovensk\u00e9 firmy: mal\u00e9 kroky, ve\u013ek\u00fd rozdiel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 vo firemnom prostred\u00ed nemus\u00ed by\u0165 komplikovan\u00e1 ani drah\u00e1. Rozhoduj\u00face je odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 chyby, ktor\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom zbyto\u010dne u\u013eah\u010duj\u00fa pr\u00e1cu. Slovensk\u00e9 firmy, ktor\u00e9 tieto z\u00e1klady zvl\u00e1dnu, sa pos\u00favaj\u00fa o \u00farove\u0148 vy\u0161\u0161ie \u2013 a pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov prest\u00e1vaj\u00fa by\u0165 \u013eahk\u00fdm cie\u013eom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 u\u017e d\u00e1vno nie je t\u00e9mou len pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 korpor\u00e1cie. Naopak, mal\u00e9 a stredn\u00e9 slovensk\u00e9 firmy s\u00fa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom \u00fatokov, preto\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci vedia, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve tu n\u00e1jdu najviac otvoren\u00fdch dver\u00ed. Dobr\u00e1 spr\u00e1va? V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina probl\u00e9mov nevznik\u00e1 kv\u00f4li sofistikovan\u00fdm hackom, ale kv\u00f4li jednoduch\u00fdm, opakuj\u00facim sa chyb\u00e1m. Prin\u00e1\u0161ame preh\u013ead naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch pre\u0161\u013eapov slovensk\u00fdch mal\u00fdch a\u00a0stredn\u00fdch firiem a konkr\u00e9tne kroky, ako ich odstr\u00e1ni\u0165. 1.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[140,105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desifrujeme-pre-vas","category-firemna-bezpecnost"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00fdchto 7 ch\u00fdb robia slovensk\u00e9 firmy naj\u010dastej\u0161ie | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mal\u00e9 a stredn\u00e9 slovensk\u00e9 firmy s\u00fa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom \u00fatokov, preto\u017ee 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